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"O tempo desses partidos passou"? O partido Plataforma de Oposição - Pela Vida (OPZZh) e a política pró-russa na Ucrânia em meio à Guerra Russo-Ucraniana
Gustavo Oliveira Teles de Menezes
Resumo
Este artigo analisa a trajetória do Plataforma de Oposição – Pela Vida (OPZZh), principal partido pró-russo na Ucrânia pós-Maidan, em meio à Guerra Russo-Ucraniana. Aborda-se como o OPZZh foi afetado pelo contexto da invasão russa à Ucrânia em 2022 e como o partido se posicionou sobre esse tema. O OPZZh condenou a invasão russa e se alinhou à defesa da Ucrânia. Todavia, casos de colaboração de membros do partido com a Rússia nos territórios ucranianos ocupados por Moscou em 2022, assim como declarações de membros do OPZZh (inclusive de antes da invasão russa de 2022) consideradas consonantes com visões do governo russo, foram tomados como motivos para a proibição do partido. Nesse contexto, os principais remanescentes do OPZZh na política institucional ucraniana exibiram uma notória reformulação programática, demonstrando foco em pautas socioeconômicas. Conclui-se que a experiência do OPZZh após a invasão russa de 2022, em conjunto com fatores como as pressões institucionais sobre partidos considerados pró-russos e a tendência de intensificação do antagonismo frente à Rússia na sociedade ucraniana, apontam para um cenário de redução do espaço para programas políticos pró-russos e as possibilidades de projeção da influência russa na Ucrânia, no mínimo enquanto durar o conflito russo-ucraniano.
Palavras-chave: OPZZh; Ucrânia; Rússia; Guerra Russo-Ucraniana
Abstract
This article analyzes the trajectory of the Opposition Platform - For Life (OPZZh), the main pro-Russian political party in post-Maidan Ukraine, amid the Russo-Ukrainian War. The article discusses how the OPZZh was affected by the context of Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine and how the party positioned itself on this theme. The OPZZh condemned the Russian invasion and aligned itself with Ukraine’s defense. However, cases of party members collaborating with Russia in Moscow-occupied Ukrainian territories, as well as statements by OPZZh members (including ones made before the 2022 Russian invasion) deemed to be close to views of the Russian government, were taken as grounds for the prohibition of the party. In this context, the OPZZh’s main remnants in Ukrainian politics have exhibited a notorious reformulation, showing a focus on socioeconomic issues. The article concludes that the OPZZh’s fate amid Russia’s 2022 invasion, together with factors such as the institutional pressures against parties considered pro-Russian and the tendency of intensification of antagonistic attitudes towards Russia in Ukrainian society, point to a scenario of reduction of the space for pro-Russian political programs and the possibilities of projection of Russian influence in Ukraine - at the very least as long as the Russo-Ukrainian conflict lasts.
Keywords: OPZZh; Ukraine; Russia; Russo-Ukrainian War.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.62496/geseu.v1n1.002
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